虾青素对成骨细胞羟自由基氧化损伤的影响

目的：在H2O2胁迫下，研究虾青素增强成骨细胞抗自由基损伤的作用。方法：用H2O2作用MC3T3-E1成骨细胞，建立自由基损伤细胞模型。培养的成骨细胞分为对照组、模型组、虾青素低剂量组（1×10^-7mol／L）、虾青素中剂量组（1×10^-6mol／L）和虾青素高剂量组（1×10^-5mol／L）。测定不同处理组细胞活力、超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase，SOD）活性、活性自由氧（reactive oxygen species，ROS）含量、脂质过氧化物（lipid oxygen，IJP0）含量，同时利用荧光偏振法测定细胞膜流动性。结果：模型组细胞活力、SOD活性、细胞膜流动性均比各剂量虾青素组显著降低（P〈0．01），而ROS、LPO含量均比各剂量虾青素组显著升高（P〈0．01）。结论：H2O2摄入会导致大鼠成骨细胞的氧化损伤，而虾青素可以预防或降低此类损伤对细胞的影响。     

The chronic hepatotoxicity assessment of the herbal formula Zishen Yutai pill

Zishen Yutai pill (ZYP) is an oriental herbal formula, while hepatotoxicity assessment of ZYP was rarely evaluated. Therefore, our aim is to re-evaluate its hepatotoxicity in both normal and carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) induced chronic liver injury rats. In the normal model, two doses of ZYP (1.575 and 9.450 g kg⁻¹ d⁻¹; i.e. 1 × , 6 × clinical doses) were given orally to rats for 24 weeks. In the chronic liver injury model, 10% CCl₄ was administered to rats abdominally twice a week at a dose of 5 mL kg⁻¹ for 12 consecutive weeks. Administration time started from 4 weeks after the beginning of CCl₄ treatment. Toxicological parameters included mortality, body weight, food consumption, clinical signs, biochemical parameters, gross observation, organ weight, necropsy findings and histopathology were monitored. In the normal model, we found no any mortality or abnormality in clinical signs, relative liver weight, biochemical parameters and histopathology in ZYP treatment groups. In the chronic liver injury model, liver damage related parameter such as ALT was elevated at the high dose of ZYP treatment in contrast to the CCl₄-treated group (P < 0.01). In histopathological assessment, there were no significant difference between ZYP treatment groups and CCl₄-treated group. No observed adverse effect on livers were established for 9.450 g kg⁻¹ d⁻¹ ZYP in the normal rats and 9.450 g kg⁻¹ d⁻¹ ZYP in the injury rats.     

The adsorption of preferential binding peptides to apatite-based materials

The objective of this work was to identify peptide sequences with high affinity to bone-like mineral (BLM) to provide alternative design methods for functional bone regeneration peptides. Adsorption of preferential binding peptide sequences on four apatite-based substrates [BLM and three sintered apatite disks pressed from powders containing 0% CO₃^2? (HA), 5.6% CO₃^2? (CA5), 10.5% CO₃^2? (CA10)] with varied compositions and morphologies was investigated. A combination of phage display, ELISA, and computational modeling was used to elucidate three 12-mer peptide sequences APWHLSSQYSRT (A), STLPIPHEFSRE (S), and VTKHLNQISQSY (V), from 243 candidates with preferential adsorption on BLM and HA. Overall, peptides S and V have a significantly higher adsorption to the apatite-based materials in comparison to peptide A (for S vs. A, BLM p = 0.001, CA5 p < 0.001, CA10 p < 0.001, HA p = 0.038; for V vs. A, BLM p = 0.006, CA5 p = 0.033, CA10 p = 0.029). FT-IR analysis displayed carbonate levels in CA5 and CA10 dropped to approximately 1.1–2.2% after sintering, whereas SEM imaging displayed CA5 and CA10 possess distinct morphologies. Adsorption results normalized to surface area indicate that small changes in carbonate percentage at a similar morphological scale did not provide enough carbonate incorporation to show statistical differences in peptide adsorption. Because the identified peptides (S and V) have preferential binding to apatite, their use can now be investigated in bone and dentin tissue engineering, tendon and ligament repair, and enamel formation.     

Impact of an autologous oxygenating matrix culture system on rat islet transplantation outcome

Disruption of the pancreatic islet environment combined with the decrease in oxygen supply that occurs during isolation leads to poor islet survival. The aim of this study was to validate the benefit of using a plasma-based scaffold supplemented with perfluorodecalin to improve islet transplantation outcome.Rat islets were cultured in three conditions: i) control group, ii) plasma based-matrix (P-matrix), and iii) P-matrix supplemented with emulsified perfluorodecalin. After 24 h culture, matrix/cell contacts (Integrinβ1, p-FAK/FAK, p-Akt/Akt), survival (caspase 3, TUNEL, FDA/PI), function, and HIF-1α translocation were assessed. Afterwards, P-matrices were dissolved and the islets were intraportally transplanted. Graft function was monitored for 31 days with glycaemia and C-peptide follow up. Inflammation was assessed by histology (macrophage and granulocyte staining) and thrombin/anti-thrombin complex measurement.Islet survival correlated with an increase in integrin, FAK, and Akt activation in P-matrices and function was maintained. Perfluorodecalin supplementation decreased translocation of HIF-1α in the nucleus and post-transplantation islet structure was better preserved in P-matrices, but a quicker activation of IBMIR resulted in early loss of graft function.“Oxygenating” P-matrices provided a real benefit to islet survival and resistance in vivo. However, intraportal transplantation is not suitable for this kind of culture due to IBMIR; thus, alternative sites must be explored.     

利用X线平片分析骨折愈合的等效最弱截面

目的 更多地提取X线平片中包含的骨折愈合力学信息,为临床骨折愈合治疗过程定量判断愈合程度提供有效并且简便实用的方法。方法 12只家兔胫骨中部横断造成骨折模型,并穿针进行滑动固定。利用力传感器在胫骨中部体表从前向后横向手动加载。通过安装在滑动固定器上的微位移传感器测量断端活动位移。采用计算机数据采集系统记录加载力值P和滑动架滑动位移ΔL关系曲线。以K=P/ΔL值代表带滑动固定器兔胫骨整体等效抗弯刚性。每周测量1次。采用经过数字化改造的手提X线机每周拍摄正、侧位X线片;在delphi软件开发环境中编写图像处理和计算程序。在X线正、侧位片灰度分析基础上,沿胫骨轴向扫描计算寻找等效最弱截面并计算其等效抗弯截面惯性矩,得到定量的抗弯刚度和断裂强度判据。结果 家兔骨折愈合拆架时间分布在29~41 d。在正侧位X线片上获得计算机模拟的等效最弱截面分界线,且得到其抗弯截面惯性矩。最弱抗弯截面惯性矩与最强抗弯截面惯性矩的比值随愈合时间逐渐升高。侧位片比值术后第1周为(0.31±0.17),第2周为(0.34±0.13),第3周为(0.43±0.20),第4周为(0.56±0.23)。正位片位片比值术后第1周为(0.40±0.19),第2周为(0.47±0.16),第3周为(0.56±0.20),第4周为(0.66±0.11)。家兔骨折胫骨在体抗弯刚性测试所得K值术前平均为(3.976± 4.986)N?μm-1,术后第1周为(0.679±1.026) N?μm-1,术后第2周为（2.115±3.233）N?μm-1,术后第3周为（3.459±4.723）N?μm-1,术后第4周为（4.788±4.831）N?μm-1。从1～4周愈合过程, X线片计算得到的最弱抗弯截面惯性矩和最强抗弯截面惯性矩的比值与K值之间具有很好的相关性。结论 外骨痂生长有较强规律性,并且在普通正侧位X线平片易于辨认。从骨折近端和远端分别生长的骨痂在愈合进程中逐渐合拢,最终弥合。本文所述方法较好地反映了实际读片感觉。     

刺老苞根皮总提物对去势大鼠骨质疏松的影响

目的 研究刺老苞Araliae Echinocaulis Radicis et Cortex根皮总提取物对去势雌性大鼠骨质疏松症的影响。方法 75只SD雌性大鼠随机分成对照组、假手术组、模型组、仙灵骨葆胶囊组和刺老苞根皮总提取物组,每组15只。经去势手术2周后,仙灵骨葆胶囊组、刺老苞根皮总提取物组ig相应药物悬液(20 mg/kg),每天1次,连续12周。观察大鼠给药前后体质量变化;试剂盒法检测血清总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)水平;取右侧股骨检测骨密度、骨微量元素和羟脯氨酸(Hyp)水平;取左侧股骨进行骨力学测定。结果 与对照组比较,模型组大鼠血清TC、LDL-C水平均显著升高(P<0.01),血清HDL-C、ALP、骨微量元素(钙、磷、镁、锰)、Hyp水平,骨密度、骨力学指标均显著下降(P<0.01);与模型组比较,刺老苞根皮总提取物组与仙灵骨葆胶囊组TC、LDL-C水平均显著降低(P<0.05),血清HDL-C、ALP、骨微量元素(钙、磷、镁、锰)、Hyp水平,骨密度、骨力学指标均显著升高(P<0.05)。结论 刺老苞根皮总提取物有效改善去势雌性大鼠骨质疏松症的发生。     

Physiological functions of CKIP-1: From molecular mechanisms to therapy implications

The casein kinase 2 interacting protein-1 (CKIP-1, also known as PLEKHO1) is initially identified as a specific CK2α subunit-interacting protein. Subsequently, various proteins, including CPα, PAK1, Arp2/3, HDAC1, c-Jun, ATM, Smurf1, Rpt6, Akt, IFP35, TRAF6, REGγ and CARMA1, were reported to interact with CKIP-1. Owing to the great diversity of interacted proteins, CKIP-1 exhibits multiple biologic functions in cell morphology, cell differentiation and cell apoptosis. Besides, these functions are subcellular localization, cell type, and regulatory signaling dependent. CKIP-1 is involved in biological processes consisting of bone formation, tumorigenesis and immune regulation. Importantly, deregulation of CKIP-1 results in osteoporosis, tumor, and atherosclerosis. In this review, we introduce the molecular functions, biological processes and promising of therapeutic strategies. Through summarizing the intrinsic mechanisms, we expect to open new therapeutic avenues for CKIP-1.     

刺激背俞穴治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病的随机对照临床研究

目的:探讨刺激背俞穴治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病的临床疗效。方法:180例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者,男60例,女120例,按随机方法分为治疗组(93例)和对照组(87例)。治疗组采用温热理疗床,对照组选用场效应治疗仪配合无针针灸治疗仪进行治疗。治疗前后对两组的临床症状积分(神疲乏力、咽干口燥、夜尿频多,腰膝酸冷、手足畏寒)和血糖进行分析比较。结果:治疗前后症状积分:治疗组的神疲乏力、咽干口燥、夜尿频多改善明显(P<0.05);而腰膝酸冷、手足畏寒两组差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。治疗前后两组餐后血糖变化:治疗组有明显改善(P<0.05)。结论:刺激背俞穴能减轻Ⅱ型糖尿病的单项症状,降低餐后血糖,对Ⅱ型糖尿病的治疗是有效的。